Patients are usually in Healthy at risk or pre-clinical phase.
It is a cluster of metabolic risk factors for (x2 CV) and type 2 Diabetes (x5)
It is a case of excessive abdominal fat
excess ABDOMINAL FAT
(Waist circ > 102cm men (94cm man) , 88 women (80cm vrouw))
atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA
(TG> 150mg.dl-1; HDL < 40mg/dl M or <50 mg/dl F)
HYPERTENSION
(> 130mmHg /85mmHg)
HYPERGLYCEMIA
(Fasting Glucose > 110mg.dl-1 (>100mg.dl-1 ) )
INSULIN RESISTANCE
a proinflammatory state
a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state
Usually a proper diet is given to such patients, without prescription of PA by GPs.
1/6 patients from a study that have underwent exercise training program training in a gym were no longer classified as metabolic syndrome (30.5%)
Prevention through change in life style
Aerobic exercise is the most studied for this syndrome, but also combined exercise has better intervention
Implementation of exercise training in Metabolic Syndrome
HIIT -
HIIT is an alternative to moderate aerobic exercise as it is equally good but did not show high superiority (Strauss Cochrane 2026)
Author conclusion: The evidence suggests that HIIT may be an effective alternative to MICT for sedentary populations at risk of cardiometabolic disease
