DSM-5 criteria for MDD and persistent depressive disorder
5 or more of 9 symptoms (including at least 1 of depressed mood and loss of interest or pleasure) in the same 2-week period; each of these symptoms represents a change from previous functioning
Depressed mood (subjective or observed)
Loss of interest or pleasure
Change in weight or appetite
Insomnia or hypersomnia
Psychomotor retardation or agitation (observed)
Loss of energy or fatigue
Worthlessness or guilt
Impaired concentration or decisiveness
Thoughts of death or suicidal ideation or suicide attempt
Cardiorespiratory fitness in severe mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis:
People with severe mental illness including those with depression are less physically fit compared to age- and gender matched controls from the general population without a mental illness ( -9ml/kg/min, 95% CI = -12 to -6ml/kg/min)
Among the general population, every 3.5ml/kg/min incremental increase in VO2peak is associated with 13 and 15% decrements in the risk of all-cause mortality and CVD, respectively
